PETER REUTER JENNY MOUZOS Australia : A Massive Buy back of Low - Risk
نویسندگان
چکیده
O April 28, 1996, in the historic Tasmanian penal colony of Port Arthur, a lone gunman killed thirty-five persons with a semiautomatic rifle. Following that incident, which was the largest of a series of mass homicides, the federal and state governments of Australia agreed on a broad plan of gun control, implemented over the following twelve months. The new controls included prohibitions on certain categories of firearms, to be supplemented by a large-scale buyback of those weapons and new licensing, registration, safe storage, and firearm training requirements. Three features of this experience make it of potential interest to U.S. gun control scholars. First, in a federal system there was unanimous agreement by all the relevant governments to make changes that were consistent across states, rapidly implemented, and extremely far reaching. This offers an instance of gun control in a situation of high salience. The program had strong political support and competent execution. Second, the gun buyback program was vastly larger and better funded than comparable efforts in the United States. Third, the interventions had modest effects on the extent of suicide and violent crime. Suicide rates did not fall, though there was a shift toward less use of guns, continuing a very long-term decline. Homicides continued a modest decline; taking into account die one-time effect of the Port Arthur massacre itself, the share of mur-
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